TCP/IP Packet node-to-node propegation in Tor

1. How the Tor browser changes normal TCP IP routing to preserve privacy?
2. How does Tor find nodes?
3. How is a Tor circuit created?
4. What protocol is used by Tor?
5. Does Tor use TCP or UDP?
6. How does Tor change your IP?
7. How many nodes does Tor use?
8. How often do Tor nodes change?
9. Can IP address be traced in Tor?
10. How does a Tor mechanism work?
11. How do I get a new Tor circuit?
12. How many relays does Tor use?
13. How does the Tor Browser maintain privacy?
14. Does Tor protect your privacy?
15. What makes the Tor Browser more secure?
16. How does Tor protect anonymity?
17. Can ISP see Tor Browser?
18. Does ISP know when using Tor?
19. Can WIFI owner see what sites I visit with Tor?

How the Tor browser changes normal TCP IP routing to preserve privacy?

Once you connect to the internet with the Tor browser, your internet traffic is stripped of its first layer of identifying information as it enters the Tor network, and is then sent bouncing through those relay nodes, which serve to encrypt and privatize your data, layer by layer -- like an onion.

How does Tor find nodes?

Tor exit nodes can be detected in a web application's log of connections that have been made to the server, if they include the public source IP address of the transaction initiator.

How is a Tor circuit created?

A Tor circuit is made up of a guard node, a middle node, and an exit node. The client starts the circuit formation process by contacting the node it has chosen as its guard node. The client and guard node negotiate a TLS session, and the client asks the guard node to help it initialize a Tor circuit.

What protocol is used by Tor?

Tor's application independence sets it apart from most other anonymity networks: it works at the Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) stream level. Applications whose traffic is commonly anonymized using Tor include Internet Relay Chat (IRC), instant messaging, and World Wide Web browsing.

Does Tor use TCP or UDP?

Tor only supports TCP. Non-TCP traffic to the Internet, such as UDP datagrams and ICMP packets, is dropped.

How does Tor change your IP?

Tor is a free software program that you load onto your computer (like a browser) that hides your IP address every time you send or request data on the Internet. The process is layered with heavy-duty encryption, which means your data is layered with privacy protection.

How many nodes does Tor use?

Tor circuits are always 3 nodes. Increasing the length of the circuit does not create better anonymity.

How often do Tor nodes change?

The list of guard nodes is available in the public list of TOR nodes and are updated almost every minute.

Can IP address be traced in Tor?

Although your internet traffic is encrypted on Tor, your ISP can still see that you're connected to Tor. Plus, Tor cannot protect against tracking at the entry and exit nodes of its network. Anyone who owns and operates the entry node will see your real IP address.

How does a Tor mechanism work?

Tor works by sending your traffic through three random servers (also known as relays) in the Tor network. The last relay in the circuit (the “exit relay”) then sends the traffic out onto the public Internet. The image above illustrates a user browsing to different websites over Tor.

How do I get a new Tor circuit?

CHANGING IDENTITIES AND CIRCUITS

Tor Browser features “New Identity” and “New Tor Circuit for this Site” options. They are also located in the hamburger or main menu (≡).

How many relays does Tor use?

For greater security, all Tor traffic passes through at least three relays before it reaches its destination. The first two relays are middle relays which receive traffic and pass it along to another relay.

How does the Tor Browser maintain privacy?

The Tor Browser hides your IP address and browsing activity by redirecting web traffic through a series of different routers known as nodes. Because Tor hides browsing activity and blocks tracking, it's used by whistleblowers, journalists, and others who want to protect their privacy online.

Does Tor protect your privacy?

Tor strengthens your online privacy, but it won't protect you from all the dangers of the internet. While browsing the web with Tor is a much safer option than with no protection, Tor is not 100% secure. When traffic passes through Tor nodes, it has to be decrypted before reaching the open internet.

What makes the Tor Browser more secure?

By default, Tor Browser protects your security by encrypting your browsing data. You can further increase your security by choosing to disable certain web features that can be used to compromise your security and anonymity. You can do this by increasing Tor Browser's Security Levels in the shield menu.

How does Tor protect anonymity?

Tor provides this anonymity by routing communications through several intermediary proxies, other nodes operating in the network, before the traffic reaches an endpoint and is delivered to its final destination.

Can ISP see Tor Browser?

Your Internet service provider (ISP) and local network can see that you connect to the Tor network. They still cannot know what sites you visit. To hide that you connect to Tor, you can use a Tor bridge.

Does ISP know when using Tor?

Because Tor has been used for illegal activities, some ISP might throttle or block Tor traffic. Thanks to onion routing, your ISP can't know which site you're visiting or read your traffic. However, ISP will know that you're using Tor. This is because the IP addresses of Tor's nodes are publicly available.

Can WIFI owner see what sites I visit with Tor?

When using Tor Browser, no one can see the websites that you visit. However, your service provider or network admins may be able to see that you're connecting to the Tor network, though they won't know what you're doing when you get there.