Directory traversal attack

1. What is directory traversal attack?
2. What causes directory traversal attack?
3. What is directory traversal?
4. What is the impact of directory traversal attack?
5. What are examples of directory traversal attacks?
6. What is the difference between directory traversal and path traversal?
7. What is the difference between directory traversal and local file inclusion?
8. What is directory listing vulnerability?
9. What is another name for directory busting?
10. How do I traverse a directory in Unix?
11. Which is an example of a directory?
12. What are examples of attacks?
13. What are the types of switch attacks?
14. What is directory brute force attack?
15. What is Microsoft Active Directory attack?
16. What are the types of switch attacks?
17. What is the difference between directory traversal and local file inclusion?
18. What technique generally reduces an attack surface?
19. What is directory listing vulnerability?
20. What is LDAP brute force?
21. What are the two types of brute force attacks?
22. What is directory fuzzing?
23. What is DoS attack and example?

What is directory traversal attack?

Directory traversal (also known as file path traversal) is a web security vulnerability that allows an attacker to read arbitrary files on the server that is running an application. This might include application code and data, credentials for back-end systems, and sensitive operating system files.

What causes directory traversal attack?

Directory traversal (path traversal) happens when the attacker is able to read files on the web server outside of the directory of the website. Directory traversal is only possible if the website developer makes mistakes.

What is directory traversal?

Directory traversal is a type of HTTP exploit that is used by attackers to gain unauthorized access to restricted directories and files. Directory traversal, also known as path traversal, ranks #13 on the CWE/SANS Top 25 Most Dangerous Software Errors.

What is the impact of directory traversal attack?

The impact of a Directory Traversal attack

An attacker can leverage a directory traversal vulnerability in the system to step out of the root directory, allowing them to access other parts of the file system to view restricted files and gather more information required to further compromise the system.

What are examples of directory traversal attacks?

The simplest example of a directory traversal attack is when an application displays or allows the user to download a file via a URL parameter.

What is the difference between directory traversal and path traversal?

The main difference between a Directory path traversal and the file inclusion vulnerabilities is the ability to execute the source codes that are not saved in interpretable files (like . php or . asp and others).

What is the difference between directory traversal and local file inclusion?

Directory traversal is when a server allows an attacker to read a file or directories outside of the normal web server directory. Local file inclusion allows an attacker the ability to include an arbitrary local file (from the web server) in the web server's response.

What is directory listing vulnerability?

A directory listing vulnerability means that the webserver lists the contents of its directories, allowing the attacker to easily browse all the files within the affected directories.

What is another name for directory busting?

Directory bursting (also known as directory brute forcing) is a web application technology used to find and identify possible hidden directories in websites. This is done with the aim of finding forgotten or unsecured web directories to see if they are vulnerable to exploitation.

How do I traverse a directory in Unix?

To navigate up one directory level, use "cd .." To navigate to the previous directory (or back), use "cd -" To navigate through multiple levels of directory at once, specify the full directory path that you want to go to. For example, use, "cd /var/www" to go directly to the /www subdirectory of /var/.

Which is an example of a directory?

A directory is used to store, organize, and separate files and directories on a computer. For example, you could have a directory to store pictures and another directory to store all your documents. By storing specific types of files in a folder, you could quickly get to the type of file you wanted to view.

What are examples of attacks?

Malware-based attacks (Ransomware, Trojans, etc.)

Hackers trick you into installing malware on your devices. Once installed, a malicious script runs in the background and bypasses your security — giving hackers access to your sensitive data, and the opportunity to even hijack control.

What are the types of switch attacks?

Two types of DHCP attacks can be performed against a switched network: DHCP starvation attacks and DHCP spoofing, as shown in Figure 6. In DHCP starvation attacks, an attacker floods the DHCP server with DHCP requests to use all the available IP addresses that the DHCP server can issue.

What is directory brute force attack?

Directory brute forcing is a web application technology used to find and identify possible hidden directories in websites. This is done with the aim of finding forgotten or unsecured web directories to see if they are vulnerable to exploitation.

What is Microsoft Active Directory attack?

Most attackers gain access to Active Directory by compromising user credentials and then use privilege escalation techniques to gain further access. Common attacks include: Pass the Hash. Pass the Ticket. Password Spraying.

What are the types of switch attacks?

Two types of DHCP attacks can be performed against a switched network: DHCP starvation attacks and DHCP spoofing, as shown in Figure 6. In DHCP starvation attacks, an attacker floods the DHCP server with DHCP requests to use all the available IP addresses that the DHCP server can issue.

What is the difference between directory traversal and local file inclusion?

Directory traversal is when a server allows an attacker to read a file or directories outside of the normal web server directory. Local file inclusion allows an attacker the ability to include an arbitrary local file (from the web server) in the web server's response.

What technique generally reduces an attack surface?

Use strong authentication policies.

Consider layering strong authentication atop your access protocols. Use attribute-based access control or role-based access access control to ensure data can be accessed by the right people.

What is directory listing vulnerability?

A directory listing vulnerability means that the webserver lists the contents of its directories, allowing the attacker to easily browse all the files within the affected directories.

What is LDAP brute force?

This protocol anomaly detects multiple authentication failures within a short period of time between a unique pair of hosts. The IDP considers the following errors returned by the server as an indication of authentication failure (RFC-2251#4.1.

What are the two types of brute force attacks?

In a regular brute force attack, the attacker starts with a known key, usually a username or account number. Then they use automation tools to figure out the matching password. In a reverse brute force attack, the attacker knows the password and needs to find the username or account number.

What is directory fuzzing?

Directory fuzzing (a.k.a. directory bruteforcing) is a technique that can find some of those "hidden" paths. Dictionaries of common paths are used to request the web app for each path until exhaustion of the list. This technique relies on the attacker using a dictionnary/wordlist.

What is DoS attack and example?

Malicious DoS

For example, Black Friday sales, when thousands of users are clamouring for a bargain, often cause a denial of service. But they can also be malicious. In this case, an attacker purposefully tries to exhaust the site's resources, denying legitimate users access.