Kubernetes cluster containers should only use allowed apparmor profiles

1. Should Kubernetes cluster pods only use allowed volume types?
2. What is AppArmor profile?
3. What is the default AppArmor profile?
4. Do containers in pod share volume?
5. How do you restrict communication between pods?
6. How do I enable AppArmor profile?
7. Where are AppArmor profiles stored?
8. What are the disadvantages of AppArmor?
9. Is AppArmor necessary?
10. Can I disable AppArmor?
11. Does a pod use any number of volume types simultaneously?
12. Can multiple pods use the same persistent volume claim?
13. How many volumes can be specified at the pod level?
14. Which volume type can be used to share content within a container in a pod?
15. Can two containers use the same port in a pod?
16. Can two containers use the same volume?
17. Can 2 pods communicate with each other?

Should Kubernetes cluster pods only use allowed volume types?

Pods can only use allowed volume types in a Kubernetes cluster. This recommendation is part of Pod Security Policies which are intended to improve the security of your Kubernetes environments. This policy is generally available for Kubernetes Service (AKS), and preview for Azure Arc enabled Kubernetes.

What is AppArmor profile?

AppArmor profiles are simple text files. Absolute paths as well as file globbing can be used when specifying file access.

What is the default AppArmor profile?

The default AppArmor profile is attached to a program by its name, so a profile name must match the path to the application it is to confine. This profile will be automatically used whenever an unconfined process executes /usr/bin/foo .

Do containers in pod share volume?

In Kubernetes, a pod is a group of containers with shared storage and network resources. This means that containers with a shared storage will be able to communicate with each other. Kubernetes uses volumes as an abstraction layer to provide shared storage for containers.

How do you restrict communication between pods?

You can limit communication to Pods using the Network Policy API of Kubernetes. The Kubernetes Network Policy functionality is implemented by different network providers, like Calico, Cilium, Kube-router, etc. Most of these providers have some added functionality that extends the main Kubernetes Network Policy API.

How do I enable AppArmor profile?

How to enable/disable. If AppArmor is not the default security module it can be enabled by passing security=apparmor on the kernel's command line. If AppArmor is the default security module it can be disabled by passing apparmor=0, security=XXXX (where XXXX is valid security module), on the kernel's command line.

Where are AppArmor profiles stored?

The /etc/apparmor. d directory is where the AppArmor profiles are located. It can be used to manipulate the mode of all profiles.

What are the disadvantages of AppArmor?

Drawbacks of AppArmor

AppArmor doesn't have Multi-Level Security (MLS) and Multi-Category Security (MCS). The lack of MCS support makes AppArmor almost ineffective in environments requiring MLS. Another drawback is that the policy loading also takes longer, so the system starts up slower.

Is AppArmor necessary?

AppArmor is a Mandatory Access Control (MAC) system, implemented upon the Linux Security Modules (LSM). AppArmor, like most other LSMs, supplements rather than replaces the default Discretionary Access Control (DAC).

Can I disable AppArmor?

To disable AppArmor in the kernel to either: adjust your kernel boot command line (see /etc/default/grub) to include either. * 'apparmor=0' * 'security=XXX' where XXX can be "" to disable AppArmor or an alternative LSM name, eg.

Does a pod use any number of volume types simultaneously?

A Pod can use any number of volume types simultaneously. Ephemeral volume types have a lifetime of a pod, but persistent volumes exist beyond the lifetime of a pod. When a pod ceases to exist, Kubernetes destroys ephemeral volumes; however, Kubernetes does not destroy persistent volumes.

Can multiple pods use the same persistent volume claim?

Creating the Persistent Volume Claim

Once a PV is bound to a PVC, that PV is essentially tied to the PVC's project and cannot be bound to by another PVC. There is a one-to-one mapping of PVs and PVCs. However, multiple pods in the same project can use the same PVC.

How many volumes can be specified at the pod level?

Only one volume can be specified at the Pod level.

Which volume type can be used to share content within a container in a pod?

This volume type can be used to share contents within containers in a Pod but will not persist beyond the life of a Pod. Answer : EmptyDir.

Can two containers use the same port in a pod?

Containers in a Pod are accessible via "localhost"; they use the same network namespace. Also, for containers, the observable host name is a Pod's name. Because containers share the same IP address and port space, you should use different ports in containers for incoming connections.

Can two containers use the same volume?

Multiple containers can run with the same volume when they need access to shared data. Docker creates a local volume by default. However, we can use a volume diver to share data across multiple machines. Finally, Docker also has –volumes-from to link volumes between running containers.

Can 2 pods communicate with each other?

Kubernetes defines a network model called the container network interface (CNI), but the actual implementation relies on network plugins. The network plugin is responsible for allocating internet protocol (IP) addresses to pods and enabling pods to communicate with each other within the Kubernetes cluster.