Risk factors of tuberculosis pdf

1. What is the risk factor of tuberculosis?
2. What are risk factors of tuberculosis Pubmed?
3. What is the strongest known risk factor for progression to tuberculosis?
4. What are modifiable risk factors for tuberculosis?
5. Is age a risk factor for tuberculosis?
6. What are the 5 risk factors?
7. Is obesity a risk factor for tuberculosis?
8. What are two significant risk factors for developing active TB?
9. What is the most common cause of tuberculosis?
10. What are the 4 stages of TB?
11. What are the 7 modifiable risk factors?
12. Why is poverty a risk factor for tuberculosis?
13. Which are risk factors social determinants for developing active TB disease?
14. What are the risk factors of tuberculosis in pregnancy?
15. What are 3 examples of social risk factors?

What is the risk factor of tuberculosis?

Close contacts of a person with infectious TB disease. Persons who have immigrated from areas of the world with high rates of TB. Children less than 5 years of age who have a positive TB test. Groups with high rates of TB transmission, such as homeless persons, injection drug users, and persons with HIV infection.

What are risk factors of tuberculosis Pubmed?

Along with well-established risk factors (such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), malnutrition, and young age), emerging variables such as diabetes, indoor air pollution, alcohol, use of immunosuppressive drugs, and tobacco smoke play a significant role at both the individual and population level.

What is the strongest known risk factor for progression to tuberculosis?

HIV infection is the strongest risk factor for TB infection progressing to TB disease. Other risk factors include malnutrition, diabetes, drug use, excessive alcohol use, silicosis, cancer or cancer treatment and old age.

What are modifiable risk factors for tuberculosis?

Based on this study's results, poor nutrition, secondhand smoke, smoking, lack of BCG vaccination, and diabetes are the main prevalent modifiable risk factors for TB.

Is age a risk factor for tuberculosis?

The risk of TB increased with increasing age and decreasing BMI after adjusting for other factors, and there is a positive dose–response relationship. Male sex is a strong risk factor for TB disease, supported by both this study and studies from high-income and low-income countries [2, 17,18,19].

What are the 5 risk factors?

A poor diet, high blood pressure and cholesterol, stress, smoking and obesity are factors shaped by your lifestyle and can be improved through behavior modifications. Risk factors that cannot be controlled include family history, age and gender.

Is obesity a risk factor for tuberculosis?

Obesity is a major determinant of DM (6, 7), and DM is a well-known risk factor for TB (3, 8, 9). A systematic review comparing 13 studies examining the association between DM and TB found that diabetic patients had about a three-fold increased risk of developing TB when compared to those without DM (8).

What are two significant risk factors for developing active TB?

Diabetes, alcohol, malnutrition, tobacco smoke, and indoor air pollution are factors which impact a larger section of the population and accelerate progression to TB disease.

What is the most common cause of tuberculosis?

Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It's spread when a person with active TB disease in their lungs coughs or sneezes and someone else inhales the expelled droplets, which contain TB bacteria.

What are the 4 stages of TB?

There are 3 stages of TB—exposure, latent, and active disease. A TB skin test or a TB blood test can diagnose the disease. Treatment exactly as recommended is necessary to cure the disease and prevent its spread to other people.

What are the 7 modifiable risk factors?

Modifiable risk factors include: smoking high blood pressure diabetes physical inactivity being overweight high blood cholesterol. The good news is that the effect of many risk factors can be changed (you cannot change the risk factor, only its effect).

Why is poverty a risk factor for tuberculosis?

Poverty is a powerful determinant of tuberculosis. Crowded and poorly ventilated living and working environments often associated with poverty constitute direct risk factors for tuberculosis transmission. Undernutrition is an important risk factor for developing active disease.

Which are risk factors social determinants for developing active TB disease?

Poverty is a powerful determinant of tuberculosis. Crowded and poorly ventilated living and working environments often associated with poverty constitute direct risk factors for tuberculosis transmission. Undernutrition is an important risk factor for developing active disease.

What are the risk factors of tuberculosis in pregnancy?

Risk factors for TB infection in pregnant women are the same as risk factors among the general population and include recent exposure to active TB disease, being from a high-burden TB country, and living or working in a high-risk setting (Box 1 and Fig. 1).

What are 3 examples of social risk factors?

There is growing recognition that social risk factors – such as poverty, minority race and/or ethnicity, social isolation, and limited community resources – play a major role in health, and significant gaps remain in health and in life expectancy based on poverty, race, ethnicity, and community environment.